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The new language's share of the lines rose from 1% to 78%, and moved 0 percentage points in the last year. Two languages for one job doubles what an engineer has to know, and the unmoved half is usually what nobody wants to touch. Ask whether finishing it is planned, and what it costs.","context_why":"A note that does not affect this rating: in Borehole's calibration, this check's notes were usually true but overstated."}],"signals_run":11,"conclusive_signals":10,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"01.38","kind":"H+","where":"The team","measured":"No architecture or design document is in the tree, across 462 product files.","question":"Where does the design live, and who holds it?"},{"id":"01.39","kind":"H","where":"Your architects, with the product roadmap","question":"Is the architecture right for the next three years of the product?"},{"id":"01.40","kind":"H","where":"The team's reasoning at the time","question":"Were the home-grown components reasonable choices when they were made, and are they now?"}]},{"id":"02","band":"strong","name":"Engineering Process & SDLC Maturity","coverage":"high","findings":[],"signals_run":16,"conclusive_signals":13,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"02.32","kind":"H","where":"The code host's pull request data","question":"Is review real or a rubber stamp? Comment depth and time to approve need the pull request history."},{"id":"02.38","kind":"H","where":"The issue tracker: backlog, sprint history, estimate accuracy","question":"Is delivery planned and measured, or heroic?"},{"id":"02.37","kind":"H","where":"Tickets, chat and postmortems","question":"How are incidents run, reviewed and learned from?"}]},{"id":"03","band":"adequate","name":"Organization & Key-Person Risk","coverage":"partial","findings":[{"id":"03.5","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"The contributor who wrote more than half of this has not committed here for more than six months","signal":"contributor_attrition","weight":"corroborating","evidence":[{"ref":"last-commit-by-top-author","kind":"metric","detail":"last commit more than six months ago, measured to the survey"},{"ref":"git shortlog -sn","kind":"metric","detail":"top author more than half of 2,780 commits"}],"observed":{"authors":137,"top_share":"more than half","top_contributor_last_committed":"more than six months ago"},"unproven":true,"dimension":"03","rationale":"One person authored more than half of 2,780 commits and has not committed here for more than six months, while the repository has kept moving. The concentration figure alone would not show this. Whoever is changing this code now is not the person who wrote most of it, which is the situation an acquirer is usually told they are avoiding. The history shows only that no commits of theirs landed here, not why."}],"signals_run":10,"conclusive_signals":8,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"03.29","kind":"H+","where":"The deal terms","measured":"One contributor authored more than half of the commits in this history.","question":"Is that person part of the transaction, and for how long after it?"},{"id":"03.28","kind":"H","where":"The team; review history only suggests candidates","question":"Who mentors whom, and would that survive a departure?"},{"id":"03.30","kind":"H","where":"Recruiting data and the org chart","question":"Can the team grow, and who stands behind the top three contributors?"},{"id":"03.31","kind":"H","where":"HR data","question":"Is the seniority mix sound, and will pay survive your salary bands?"},{"id":"03.14","kind":"H","where":"Interviews and on-call history","question":"Is the pace sustainable? Commit times cannot say: git keeps no reliable local time."},{"id":"03.32","kind":"H","where":"Interviews","question":"Does the team want to stay after close?"},{"id":"03.33","kind":"H","where":"Time with the team","question":"How are decisions made and disagreements resolved?"}]},{"id":"04","band":"adequate","name":"Product & Engineering Maturity","coverage":"minimal","findings":[{"id":"04.5","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"Effort is shifting from building to rewriting","signal":"churn_trend","weight":"corroborating","context":true,"evidence":[{"ref":"deletions-per-insertion","kind":"metric","detail":"first half 0.59, second half 1.20 (split 2019-05-08)"}],"observed":{},"dimension":"04","rationale":"Deleted lines per line added rose from 0.59 to 1.20 between the first and second halves of this history. Rework is normal and often healthy, but a rising ratio means an increasing share of the team's time is spent replacing code that already exists rather than building what does not. Whether that is deliberate repayment or churn is a question for the team.","context_why":"A note that does not affect this rating: in Borehole's calibration, this check's notes were usually true but overstated."},{"id":"04.37","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"API v1 and v2 have been served together for 105 months","signal":"api_versions_coexisting","weight":"corroborating","evidence":[{"ref":"zipkin-java-server/src/main/java/io/zipkin/ZipkinQueryApiV1.java","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-java-server/src/main/java/io/zipkin/ZipkinQueryApiV1.java","detail":"v1 since Oct 2015"},{"ref":"zipkin-server/src/main/java/zipkin/server/ZipkinHttpCollector.java","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-server/src/main/java/zipkin/server/ZipkinHttpCollector.java","detail":"v2 since Aug 2017"}],"observed":{"live":["v1","v2"],"versions_seen":["v1","v2"],"months_together":105},"dimension":"04","rationale":"v2 first appeared in Aug 2017, and v1 is still in the code 105 months later. Two versions mean two surfaces to secure, document and support. Ask who still calls the old one, and whether retiring it is planned."}],"signals_run":19,"conclusive_signals":14,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"04.11","kind":"H+","where":"The team","measured":"31 commits landed in the last year, against 55 the year before (-44%).","question":"Is that maintenance mode, a pivot, or fewer people working on it? The count looks the same for all three."},{"id":"04.32","kind":"H","where":"The data room and the team's record of estimates","question":"Can this team deliver the stated roadmap on the stated timeline?"},{"id":"04.31","kind":"H","where":"Budget and roadmap decisions","question":"Does leadership know about the debt, and is time budgeted to repay it?"},{"id":"04.33","kind":"H","where":"Revenue, customer and churn data","question":"Is the engineering shape consistent with the commercial story?"}]},{"id":"05","band":"adequate","name":"Security & Reliability Posture","coverage":"partial","findings":[{"id":"05.20","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"7 SQL statements built from strings","signal":"sql_from_strings","weight":"corroborating","context":true,"evidence":[{"ref":"zipkin-storage/cassandra/src/main/java/zipkin2/storage/cassandra/CassandraSpanConsumer.java","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-storage/cassandra/src/main/java/zipkin2/storage/cassandra/CassandraSpanConsumer.java","detail":"SQL built from a string","line_end":76,"line_start":76},{"ref":"zipkin-storage/cassandra/src/main/java/zipkin2/storage/cassandra/CassandraSpanConsumer.java","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-storage/cassandra/src/main/java/zipkin2/storage/cassandra/CassandraSpanConsumer.java","detail":"SQL built from a string","line_end":84,"line_start":84},{"ref":"zipkin-storage/cassandra/src/main/java/zipkin2/storage/cassandra/CassandraSpanConsumer.java","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-storage/cassandra/src/main/java/zipkin2/storage/cassandra/CassandraSpanConsumer.java","detail":"SQL built from a string","line_end":89,"line_start":89}],"observed":{"files":5,"sites":7,"value_interpolated":0},"dimension":"05","rationale":"7 places in product code build SQL by formatting or joining strings rather than passing parameters. In each, what the code shows going in is a table or column name, a constant, or something the line does not show, not a request's value. Ask whether any value reaches these strings, rather than a parameter.","context_why":"A note that does not affect this rating: in Borehole's calibration, this check's notes were usually true but overstated."},{"id":"05.26","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"19 locked dependencies have published vulnerabilities, 19 high or critical in what ships","signal":"known_vulnerabilities","weight":"corroborating","evidence":[{"ref":"zipkin-lens/package-lock.json","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-lens/package-lock.json","detail":"tinypool 0.8.4: GHSA-5gmw-xhrv-c9v3 (critical), fixed in 2.1.1"},{"ref":"zipkin-lens/package-lock.json","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-lens/package-lock.json","detail":"vitest 1.6.1: GHSA-5xrq-8626-4rwp (critical), fixed in 4.1.0"},{"ref":"zipkin-lens/package-lock.json","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-lens/package-lock.json","detail":"brace-expansion 5.0.2: GHSA-3jxr-9vmj-r5cp (high), fixed in 5.0.7"}],"observed":{"advisories":54,"dependencies":689,"high_or_critical":23,"pinned_to_a_commit":0,"ecosystems_not_read":["Maven"],"vulnerable_packages":19,"set_aside_not_imported":0,"high_or_critical_shipping":19,"high_or_critical_not_shipped":{"build":4}},"unproven":true,"dimension":"05","rationale":"19 of 689 locked dependencies match 54 published advisories in OSV, 23 of them rated high or critical. A lockfile says which version is installed, not whether the flawed code is reachable from this product, so each needs a look. Most are fixed by an upgrade, and the advisory names the version."},{"id":"05.49","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"The production build publishes source maps","signal":"source_maps_shipped","weight":"corroborating","evidence":[{"ref":"zipkin-lens/vite.config.ts","kind":"path","path":"zipkin-lens/vite.config.ts","detail":"source maps in a production build","line_end":43,"line_start":43}],"observed":{"sites":1},"dimension":"05","rationale":"The build configuration emits source maps for production, so the original source, with its comments and structure, is downloadable by every visitor. Upload them to an error tracker and keep them off the public server instead."},{"id":"05.65","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"2 advisories against this project in the last 24 months","signal":"advisory_record","weight":"corroborating","context":true,"evidence":[{"ref":"CVE-2026-82265","kind":"advisory","detail":"2026-08-28: CVE-2026-82265 (moderate): Zipkin through 3.6.1 exposes Spring Boot Actuator endpoints on the tracing API port without authentication, allowing unauthenticated attackers to access sensiti"},{"ref":"CVE-2025-53602","kind":"advisory","detail":"2025-07-04: CVE-2025-53602 (moderate): Zipkin through 3.5.1 has a /heapdump endpoint (associated with the use of Spring Boot Actuator), a similar issue to CVE-2025-48927."}],"observed":{"newest":"2026-08-28","critical":0,"affecting":0,"could_not_tell":1,"last_24_months":2,"sources_failed":[],"known_exploited":0,"high_or_critical":0,"record_incomplete":["NVD: 2 records name zipkin with nothing tying them to this repository (CVE-2026-41310, CVE-2026-81870)"]},"dimension":"05","rationale":"The newest was published on 2026-08-28. A project that publishes advisories is telling its users about its fixes, and the count and pace say how much security work it carries. Whether 1 of them are fixed in the code you ship could not be told from this history: its version is only known to be at least 3.6.1. Answer lives in: the release you run, set against each fixed version. The record is incomplete: NVD: 2 records name zipkin with nothing tying them to this repository (CVE-2026-41310, CVE-2026-81870).","context_why":"A note that does not affect this rating: it describes the project's advisory record, and no advisory in it is known to affect the surveyed commit."}],"signals_run":34,"conclusive_signals":23,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"05.43","kind":"H+","where":"The security owner","measured":"No threat model is in the tree of what looks like a running service.","question":"Does one exist elsewhere, and who owns it?"},{"id":"05.41","kind":"H","where":"Ticketing and chat","question":"What has actually broken, how often, and how badly?"},{"id":"05.42","kind":"H","where":"Reports in the data room","question":"What did external testing find, and was it fixed?"},{"id":"05.44","kind":"H","where":"Audit reports; policy files in the tree are not evidence","question":"What is the SOC 2, ISO 27001 or GDPR status, and where is the evidence?"}]},{"id":"06","band":"adequate","name":"Observability & Operations","coverage":"partial","findings":[{"id":"06.2","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"No structured logging library is in use","signal":"structured_logging","weight":"corroborating","evidence":[{"ref":"logging-scan","kind":"metric","detail":"searched 758 files for 10 structured logging libraries; 0 matched"}],"observed":{},"dimension":"06","rationale":"Nothing references a structured logging library. Logs that are written to be read by a person are not searchable by a machine, which means incident response here is proportional to how well someone remembers the codebase rather than to what the tooling can find."},{"id":"06.9","band":"adequate","layer":"deterministic","title":"No error reporter is wired in","signal":"error_reporting","weight":"corroborating","context":true,"evidence":[{"ref":"error reporting","kind":"metric","detail":"no error reporter initialised"}],"observed":{"installed":[],"initialised":0,"config_files":0},"dimension":"06","rationale":"Nothing in the service initialises an error reporter (Sentry, Rollbar, Bugsnag, Honeybadger or an APM agent). An exception in production reaches a person only if someone is reading the logs, which usually means a customer reports it first.","context_why":"A note that does not affect this rating: notes like it are common in well-run projects."}],"signals_run":16,"conclusive_signals":10,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"06.19","kind":"H+","where":"The operations team","measured":"Nothing in the tree backs up or restores data.","question":"How is data backed up, and has a restore ever been rehearsed?"},{"id":"06.10","kind":"H+","where":"The alerting tool and the on-call rota","measured":"No alert rule is defined in the repository.","question":"Where are alerts defined, who receives them, and when did one last fire?"},{"id":"06.29","kind":"H","where":"Pager history and dashboard logs","question":"Are the dashboards opened, the alerts acknowledged and the pages answered?"},{"id":"06.30","kind":"H","where":"Production metrics","question":"Are the service-level objectives actually met?"},{"id":"06.31","kind":"H","where":"Pager exports and interviews","question":"Who carries the pager, and how often does it go off?"},{"id":"06.32","kind":"H","where":"Cloud billing and capacity plans","question":"What does it cost to run, and how much headroom is there?"}]},{"id":"07","band":"not assessable","name":"Fit with the Acquirer","coverage":"none","findings":[],"signals_run":0,"conclusive_signals":0,"what_a_person_adds":[{"id":"07.1","kind":"H+","question":"This is primarily a Java codebase, with TypeScript alongside (26% of source files). Does your engineering organisation already run Java in production, or would this be the first?"},{"id":"07.10","kind":"H+","question":"The bulk of this system sits in zipkin-lens/, zipkin-storage/, zipkin/. Which of your existing systems would each of those have to absorb or replace?"},{"id":"07.2","kind":"H+","question":"The repository carries deployment configuration (build-bin/docker-compose-zipkin-eureka.yml and 4 more). Does that match your deployment and on-call model, or does it need rehosting first?"},{"id":null,"kind":"H+","question":"What is your tolerance for the findings above remaining unaddressed for the first two quarters after close, given everything else that will compete for this team's time?"},{"id":"07.11","kind":"H","where":"Your architecture","question":"Which of these systems duplicate yours, and which get retired?"},{"id":"07.12","kind":"H","where":"The engagement","question":"What will integration cost, and in what order?"},{"id":"07.13","kind":"H","where":"Your org design","question":"Where does the team land in your organisation, and who reports to whom?"},{"id":"07.14","kind":"H","where":"Deal terms","question":"Are there earn-outs, retention packages or contractor IP to assign?"},{"id":"07.15","kind":"H","where":"Customer contracts","question":"Do customer contracts limit hosting, regions or vendors?"}],"not_assessable_reason":"structurally not assessable from a repository"}],"repository":{"loc":93614,"head":"878ce2a1fad54ca941d17fdcf2e1d924b148eb1f","slug":"openzipkin/zipkin","tags":232,"stars":17470,"shallow":false,"span_days":5053.8,"last_commit":"2026-04-08T14:42:16+00:00","surveyed_at":"2026-10-23T20:14:26.569917+00:00","commits_read":3003,"first_commit":"2012-06-06T18:28:34+00:00","truncated_at":null,"window_start":"2012-06-06T18:28:34+00:00","tracked_files":818,"history_complete":true},"generated_at":"2026-10-23T20:15:40.095217+00:00","generated_by":"borehole 0.7.15","rejection_log":[{"reason":"change is spread across the codebase rather than pooling in a few files","signal":"hotspot_concentration","observed":{"files":4671,"top5_share":0.114},"dimension":"04","conclusive":true},{"reason":"debt markers are sparse","signal":"debt_markers","observed":{"markers":53,"per_kloc":0.57,"lines_read":92866},"dimension":"04","conclusive":true},{"reason":"direct dependency counts are 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way","signal":"compat_layers","observed":{"share":0.0,"code_files":355,"compat_files":0,"oldest_months":0},"dimension":"04","conclusive":true},{"reason":"one library per job, mostly","signal":"dependency_redundancy","observed":{"jobs_doubled":{}},"dimension":"04","conclusive":true},{"reason":"a telemetry or error-reporting library is referenced","signal":"telemetry_presence","observed":{"note":"presence only; whether anyone watches it is not visible here","sample":["zipkin-collector/pulsar/src/main/java/zipkin2/collector/pulsar/PulsarCollector.java: opentelemetry","zipkin/src/main/java/zipkin2/codec/Encoding.java: DataDog","pom.xml:11: traces: zipkin"],"matches":144},"dimension":"06","conclusive":true},{"reason":"a health or readiness check is defined","signal":"healthcheck_presence","observed":{"sample":["benchmarks/src/test/java/zipkin2/server/ServerIntegratedBenchmark.java: /health","build-bin/docker-compose-zipkin-eureka.yml: HEALTHCHECK ","build-bin/docker-compose-zipkin.yml: HEALTHCHECK "]},"dimension":"06","conclusive":true},{"reason":"the service is visible in more than one way","signal":"telemetry_depth","observed":{"kinds":["metrics","traces"]},"dimension":"06","conclusive":true},{"reason":"a frontend: console output is the browser's, not the server's","signal":"print_logging","observed":{},"dimension":"06","conclusive":false},{"reason":"a request can be followed through the logs","signal":"correlation_ids","observed":{"tracing":true,"request_id_sites":83},"dimension":"06","conclusive":true},{"reason":"the product's code names no reporting host","signal":"usage_reporting_default","observed":{"settings_on":0,"settings_off":0,"reporting_hosts":[]},"dimension":"06","conclusive":true},{"reason":"no alert rules in the repository; they may live in a console","signal":"alert_rules","observed":{"alert_files":0},"dimension":"06","conclusive":false},{"reason":"every deployed image names a 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