Read 2026-10-04
n8n-io/n8n: technical due diligence, read from its repository
What Borehole read in n8n-io/n8n's code and history at c1463d0: its licence, security advisories, releases, review practice, tests, dependencies and operations. Every finding cites the file and line it rests on. The full report also covers the team and asks the questions the code cannot answer.
| Dimension | Rating |
|---|---|
| Architecture & Codebase — including AI provenance | strong |
| Engineering Process & SDLC Maturity | adequate |
| Product & Engineering Maturity | adequate |
| Security & Reliability Posture | adequate |
| Observability & Operations | adequate |
| Fit with the Acquirer | not assessable |
What the repository says
- Releases are cut from another branch than the one surveyed
LICENSE.md:1: The licence is SUL-1.0: source available, not open sourceLICENSE: Relicensed: Apache-2.0 with the Commons Clause and an attribution term → SUL-1.0 (2022-03-17)packages/@n8n/blob-storage/src/azure-blob/azure-blob.service.ee.ts: 138 files are named as enterprise-edition codeCONTRIBUTING.md:594: states a policy on AI-generated contributions
Architecture & Codebase — including AI provenance
strongpackages/frontend/@n8n/design-system/src/components/N8nIconPicker/emojiData.ts is 9,905 lines, 125× this codebase's median file
adequateThe median source file here is 79 lines. 193 files exceed 1,000 lines, the largest being 9,905. Size is not a defect on its own — some problems genuinely live in one place — but these are where merge conflicts, review fatigue and single-owner knowledge concentrate, and they are the first thing that slows an inheriting engineer down.
packages/frontend/@n8n/design-system/src/components/N8nIconPicker/emojiData.ts:1 — 9,905 lines (125× median) |
packages/nodes-base/nodes/UProc/Json/Tools.ts:1 — 7,968 lines (100× median) |
packages/cli/src/modules/instance-ai/instance-ai.service.ts:1 — 7,216 lines (91× median) |
packages/cli/src/modules/instance-ai/instance-ai.adapter.service.ts:1 — 5,422 lines (68× median) |
packages/nodes-base/nodes/Pipedrive/v1/PipedriveV1.node.ts:1 — 4,998 lines (63× median) |
Engineering Process & SDLC Maturity
adequate5% of recent commits change more than 2,000 lines
adequate565 of 11280 commits in the last 24 months changed over 2,000 lines of code, not counting reformatting, renames, vendored or generated code. A change that size is rarely reviewed line by line. Ask how they were reviewed, and what made them that large.
| 565 commits over 2,000 lines |
Product & Engineering Maturity
adequate157 direct dependencies in a single manifest
adequatepackages/cli/package.json declares 157 direct dependencies. Each one is a maintenance obligation, a supply-chain surface and a potential licence question that transfers with the asset. The count says nothing about whether any given dependency was a good choice; it says how many such choices a buyer inherits.
packages/cli/package.json — 157 declared |
packages/@n8n/nodes-langchain/package.json — 90 declared |
packages/nodes-base/package.json — 88 declared |
packages/frontend/@n8n/design-system/package.json — 36 declared |
Releases are cut from another branch than the one surveyed
adequateThe newest release, n8n@2.41.6, is not on the branch this survey read; the newest release on it is n8n@2.41.0. The shipped product may differ from what this report describes. Survey the release branch too.
| tag n8n@2.41.6 |
Security & Reliability Posture
adequate8 credential-shaped strings in the tree sit in tests, examples, documentation or local development settings
adequateStrings shaped like credentials appear only where fakes are usual: test fixtures, examples, documentation, placeholders and local stacks. They are almost always fakes. Ask someone to confirm that none of them works anywhere, because a real key in a development file is still a real key.
| GitHub token, where fakes are usual |
| 4 cited: Slack token, where fakes are usual |
2 Dockerfiles run the application as root
adequateNo USER instruction switches away from root, so the process runs with full privileges inside the container. It is a one-line fix and an ordinary expectation, which is why its absence is worth asking about: it usually says more about whether anyone has reviewed the deployment than about this container specifically.
docker/images/n8n-base/Dockerfile — runs as root |
docker/images/node-pc/Dockerfile — runs as root |
The build runs third-party code it does not pin
adequate1 third-party CI action is referenced by a tag or branch rather than a commit, so they run whatever that tag points to on the day; 7 steps pipe a download straight into a shell. Tags have been moved to malicious commits in real supply-chain attacks, and a piped script is whatever the server returns that minute. Pinning to a commit is the fix, and it is small.
.github/workflows/docker-build-push.yml:543 — action pinned by tag |
.githooks/check-pnpm.sh:11 — download piped into a shell |
32 SQL statements built from strings
adequate32 places in product code build SQL by formatting or joining strings rather than passing parameters, and in 5 of them a value, not a table or column name, goes into the string. Where any of those values comes from a request, it is an injection point. Each site needs a look; the fix, parameters, is small.
packages/@n8n/backend-test-utils/src/test-db.ts:90 — SQL built from a string |
packages/@n8n/backend-test-utils/src/test-db.ts:107 — SQL built from a string |
packages/@n8n/db/src/repositories/scheduled-task.repository.ts:533 — SQL built from a string |
2 shell commands built from strings
adequate2 places run a command through a shell (`shell=True`, `os.system`, `exec` with a template) rather than passing arguments. Where any part comes from outside, it is command injection. Ask where each one's input comes from.
packages/@n8n/node-cli/src/commands/dev/utils.ts:353 — command run through a shell |
packages/@n8n/node-cli/src/commands/dev/utils.ts:464 — command run through a shell |
49 locked dependencies have published vulnerabilities, 29 high or critical in what ships
adequate49 of 3,880 locked dependencies match 129 published advisories in OSV, 44 of them rated high or critical. A lockfile says which version is installed, not whether the flawed code is reachable from this product, so each needs a look. Most are fixed by an upgrade, and the advisory names the version.
packages/@n8n/task-runner-python/uv.lock — urllib3 2.7.0: GHSA-8988-9cw3-xx77 (high), fixed in 2.8.0 |
pnpm-lock.yaml — @grpc/grpc-js 1.14.4: GHSA-m9gg-hp2v-232j (high), fixed in 1.14.5 |
pnpm-lock.yaml — @tiptap/core 3.27.0: GHSA-j95f-988m-3j2f (high), fixed in 3.30.5 |
1 workload setting give a container the host
adequate1 places in the deployment configuration run a container privileged or in the host's network, process or IPC namespace. A compromise of that container is a compromise of the machine, and most acquirers' security reviews block it. Node agents (network, storage, monitoring) are excluded.
docker/get-n8n-compose.yml:57 — privileged or host namespace |
4 places insert HTML from a variable without sanitising it
adequate4 places set HTML from a value that is neither a literal nor passed through a sanitiser. Where the value can come from a user, that is stored cross-site scripting, and it is the first thing a buyer's security review looks for in a frontend.
packages/frontend/@n8n/design-system/src/components/N8nCodeBlock/CodeBlock.vue:129 — HTML from a variable |
packages/frontend/@n8n/design-system/src/components/N8nMarkdown/Markdown.vue:289 — HTML from a variable |
packages/frontend/editor-ui/src/features/ai/instanceAi/components/InstanceAiMarkdown.vue:260 — HTML from a variable |
3 vendored components with no licence
adequateThird-party code is committed into this repository without any statement of the terms it arrived under. Unknown terms are harder to deal with than inconvenient ones: an awkward licence can be complied with, an absent one cannot. Each of these needs its origin established before the code changes hands.
packages/nodes-base/nodes/QuickBooks/__schema__/v1.0.0/vendor/getAll.json — 1 tracked files, no licence file |
packages/nodes-base/nodes/QuickBooks/descriptions/Vendor/VendorAdditionalFieldsOptions.ts — 1 tracked files, no licence file |
packages/nodes-base/nodes/QuickBooks/descriptions/Vendor/VendorDescription.ts — 1 tracked files, no licence file |
The licence is SUL-1.0: source available, not open source
adequateLICENSE.md grants SUL-1.0: source available, not open source; use limited to internal business purposes. The reading comes from the licence's own title and clauses. Whether the terms fit the buyer's intended use, and whether any paid licence transfers with the code, is a question for counsel and the licensor.
LICENSE.md:1 — 88 lines, SUL-1.0 |
Relicensed: Apache-2.0 with the Commons Clause and an attribution term → SUL-1.0 (2022-03-17)
adequateThe root licence changed 1 time(s). Code taken under earlier terms stays under them; check which terms any fork or customer relied on.
LICENSE — Apache-2.0 with the Commons Clause and an attribution term from 2019-06-23 |
LICENSE.md — SUL-1.0 from 2022-03-17 |
138 files are named as enterprise-edition code
adequateFiles named `.ee.` are, by the common open-core convention, the paid edition's code, usually under a licence that is not open source even where the rest is. What the buyer may do with each part differs.
packages/@n8n/blob-storage/src/azure-blob/azure-blob.service.ee.ts — enterprise-edition file |
packages/@n8n/blob-storage/src/azure-byte-store.ee.ts — enterprise-edition file |
packages/@n8n/blob-storage/src/object-store/object-store.service.ee.ts — enterprise-edition file |
100 advisories against this project in the last 24 months, 59 high or critical
adequateThe newest was published on 2026-09-30. A project that publishes advisories is telling its users about its fixes, and the count and pace say how much security work it carries. Whether 100 of them are fixed in the code you ship could not be told from this history: its version is only known to be at least 2.41.0. Answer lives in: the release you run, set against each fixed version.
| 2026-09-30: GHSA-5qpp-pqww-h7fp (high), fixed in >= 2.41.4: SQL Injection in the Microsoft SQL Node via Expression Interpolation into the Query Field |
| 2026-09-30: GHSA-p3pg-xw4f-m72c (moderate), fixed in >= 2.41.4: Cross-User Agent Chat Resume Allows Hijacking Another User's Pending Tool Approval |
| 2026-09-30: GHSA-5jr4-xmvf-frmj (high), fixed in >= 2.41.4: Shared Prototype Mutation Through the MCP Workflow-Validation Interpreter Allows Owner Account Takeover |
| 2026-09-30: GHSA-3qcw-p65v-c7vq (high), fixed in >= 2.41.4: Unauthenticated Unbounded OAuth Client Persistence via the Authorize Endpoint |
| 2026-09-30: GHSA-r6g9-5cpp-ppwr (high), fixed in >= 1.123.83: Shared-Workflow Credential Check Misses Nested and Tool Inline Sub-Workflows |
Observability & Operations
adequateSends usage data to telemetry.n8n.io by default
adequatepackages/@n8n/config/src/configs/diagnostics.config.ts sends to telemetry.n8n.io, and packages/@n8n/db/src/migrations/common/1784000000019-AddCustomTelemetryTagsToProject.ts leaves reporting on as shipped. Every installation reports to the vendor unless its operator turns this off. For a buyer running it inside their own product, that is an outbound data flow to a third party: ask what is sent, how often, and whether the buyer's customers were told.
packages/@n8n/config/src/configs/diagnostics.config.ts:22 — reports to telemetry.n8n.io |
packages/@n8n/db/src/migrations/common/1784000000019-AddCustomTelemetryTagsToProject.ts:13 — the reporting setting is on by default |
Fit with the Acquirer
not assessableNot rated: structurally not assessable from a repository.
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